A DEBATING ABOUT KHADIJAH (A)
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P: This is a case that is said to show that “Khadija (A) was not a self-respected person!” According to valid documents, the prophet (S) proposed for marriage when he was 21.88
A: How did he know that she would accept this marriage?
P: Of course, the first steps for marriage are written in the history books.
A: What were the first steps?
P: Mohammad (S), had told his uncles about willingness to marry Khadija (A). Abu Lahab, his uncle, said: “Oh, my nephew! Don't make fun of us in Arab, you do not deserve Khadija (A).”
Abbas, his other uncle, told Abu Lahab angrily: “You are a mean person. What objections can Khadija have about my nephew? Mohammad is handsome and has an ideal perfection. How can Khadija (A) consider herself better than him for her wealth or good breeding? I swear by God whatever marriage portion that she would ask, I would ride my horse and pass the deserts and ask the kings to prepare whatever that Khadija (A) asks.”89
A: Abu Lahab didn't have a good relation with the prophet (S) from the first.
P: That is right. Anyway, at ninth of Shaval month, about 15 years before Bi’that, Abu Talib wear good clothes towards Khowailid 's house with the noble men of Bani Hashem and Bani Abd al Mutallib.90
It was agreed to speak to Khowailid, or in another narration, speak to Amro Bin Asad, her uncle, about the marriage and wedding91 of a twenty first girl92 who was the best one at her time. After entertainment, Abu Talib preached about the unity of God, the dignity of Kaba and Mohammad (S).
Sheikh Sadooq and Sheikh Koleyni say the same thing, with a little difference, about the marriage sermon that Abu Talib delivered. It is according to Sheikh Sadooq:
88 Alesteab, vol.1, p.35; Of course, according to different narrations, the prophet was 21 in this time. Islam emphesizes this subject, so there is no reason to prefer other narrations.
89 Behar al-Anvar, vol.16, p.18
90 Tazkerat al-Khavas, p.272
91 Sirat al-Halabi, vol.1, p.213
92 Since the prophet and Khadija were born in the same year, Khadija also was 21. [Omol Momenin, Khadija, p.99]
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سماعیل إ یةه ِّر ُذ و راهیم إب ز ن مه نا ل ع ج ی الذّ هلل ُمد ح «ال ِرع “Thanks God who created us from the plantation of Ibrahim and the offspring of Ismael.
And built for us a sacred house which is the aim of Hajian and is a secure Haram that all the fruit, is gathered there.
And He made us the rulers of the people in our city .
ح. ج ر اّلّ َّم ح ُم یحی ا ابن َّن ها َّم ُث للاه ُبد ع وز ی ال ، به ل ط ُن مه ل ٍجُ بهر ُن یشئ ر ق ُالم بده ع ِبن ِبن د
Then, my nephew Mohammad Bin Abdolah Bin Abdol Mutalib is not compared with any of the men in Ghoraish except that he is better than all of them.
And he is better than all of them in comparison.
کان ن إو ٌل زائه ل ظه و لٌ حائه زقٌ ِر المال نَّ اه ف ، ل َّق الماله فیه
Even if he has a little wealth, but wealth is always in change and instability, it goes away like a shadow.
And he is fond of Khadija and she is fond of him.
And her marriage portion is ready either in cash or non-cash.
And he will have a great position and dignity and fame”.93
After marriage sermon, the marriage portion was spoken about. There are different narrations about it.
93 Kafi, vol.2, p.19; Tarikh Yaghoobi, vol.2, p.20; Man La Yahzaroh al-Faghih, vol.3, p.397
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Ibn Abbas says her marriage portion was 12 oghie 94-95, While Ibn Hesham says it was 20 “Bokre”96. Some say the prophet made her marriage portion 500 silver Derhams97 and Khowailid married Khadija to Mohammad (S).98
Abu Talib slaughtered a camel and entertained the guests.99
After the marriage ceremony, everybody went home. Mohammad (S) wanted to see Khadija (A) by Abu Talib's permission.
Hazrat Kbadija (A) welcomed the prophet (S) gladly.100
After a while Mohammad (S) wanted to leave the house. But Khadija (A) knew that he didn't have any house, so she told him.
“Come to your own house, my house is your house and I am your maid.”
Abdolah Ghanam a monotheist, who got one of Amir Almomenin's Shia, congratulated Khadija (A) in his poem:
Congratulation to you Khadija, you were fortunate ؟ محمد مثل اس ن ال فی الذی ذا ن م و کلها هی الیی ی خ تزوجت
You married the best man and who is like Mohammad among people.
موعد اقرب فی عمران ابن موش و می مر بن یسی ع ان الیی به بش و
He is the person whom Issa Bin Maryan and Moosa Bin Emran have given glad tidings about his coming very soon
مهتد و هاد و ء البطحا من رسول بانه ما قد الکتاب به ت اقر
94 Every oghie is 40 derhams
95 Atabaghat al-Kobra, vol.8, p.10
96 Asira al-Nabavia, vol.1, p.190
97 According to shiie narrations, the marriage portion and the prophet's wives was 12.5 oghie which is about 500 silver derham. [Man La Yahzoroho al-Faghih, vol.3, p.398]
98 Almarefat va Tarikh, vol.3, p.269; There is no about that her father, brother and uncle were alive at the time of marriage. So it is attributed to the three. [ Sirat al Halabia, vol.1, p.225]
100 Akhbar Mecca, vol.5, p.185
101 Behar al-Anvar, vol.16, p.4; Alkharaej, p.186
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The holy books have confirmed his prophethood, a messenger who comes from “Batha” (Mecca) that he guides and is guided.
Both families left the ceremony gladly. The prophet (S) and Khadija (A) were alone.
Khadija thought that Mohammad was the most favorite person in the world;102 and he praised God for marrying Khadija (A).103
Their marriage made their relatives very happy, but it also made their enemies upset and increased their hatred.104
A: There is a Soni student in dormitory who says: “Khowailid opposed their marriage, so Khadija (A) made him drunk and got his satisfaction for her marriage.
So at the end of drunkeness he was dissatisfied about their marriage.105
P. Yes, this matter is in Soni‘s books. But it is not true according to the historical facts and the personality of the prophet (S), Khadija (A) and Khowailid. Vaghedi, the great historian of Soni people, regards it false.106
Mohammad Lotfi Jomee,107 the contemporary Arab scientist, regards this matter as Israeeliat and he says it is like the story in Torat that Loot’s daughters made their father drunk.108
A: I don’t care about false news. You talked about the prophet’s marriage, but it is said that it was Kadija (A) that wanted to marry the prophet (S) after the profitable trade.
Was It a One-Sided Love?
P: We explained that it was not so. It was a two-sided love. The prophet (S) was proud for his love towards Khadija (A) and called it a divine sustenance.109 He thanked God for the marriage to Khadija (A) and his love.110
102 Hedayat al-Kobra, p.53
103 Mostadrak, vol.3, p.201
104 Alanvar Le Aamal al-Abrar, p.312
105 Atabaghatol Atabaghat al-Kobra,, Vol. ; vol.1, p.106
107 deceased in 1953
108 Omol Momenin Khadija, p.91
109 Sahih Moslem, vol.7, p.134
110 Mostadrak, vol.3, p.201
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A: But we have heard that it was a one-sided love. It is even said that the prophet (S) married Aishia soon after Khadija's passing away.111
P: Yes, unfortunately it is a famous narration that prophet (S) acted as a suitor for Khadija (A) after he traded for her and this journey was the main factor for their marriage;112 But it isn’t true at all.
Khadija (A) and Her Marriages?!
A: But we have heard stories other than this. We have heard that she had married twice before her marriage to the prophet (S) and she had some children from those husbands?!!
P. Yes, some people have reported that Khadija had married Abu hale end Bin Nabash Bin Zorare and then Atigh Bin Aaez Bin Abdolahe Makhzoomi,113 and she had some children.
Unfortunately, this report is famous despite being opposite to other news. The narrators of this report are Ghotada and Zobeir Bin Bakar114 that neither of them is reliable (movasagh).
Imam Bagher (A) has blamed115 “Ghalade Bin Doaame and he is accused of refraining from talking frankly (Tadlis).116Zobeir Bin Bakar is accused of forging documents and news.117
On the other hand, these reports are opposite to each other; According to correct documents she was unmarried.118
A: So, it is a lie that she was married before?
P: Yes, it is unreliable as some Shia scholars say. Some politicians have reported this news to omit the sacred vomb which was the vessel of Quran Kosar, Fatima Zahra (A). So, if we are accurate, we won't have any doubt.
111 Mosnad Hanbal, vol.6, p.280
112 Almosouea al-arabia al-alamia, vol.22, p.22 113 Oshod al-Ghaba, vol.8, p.99 114 Alesaba, vol.8, p.99 115 Ghotade is blamed because he had caused people to go astray by interpreting the holy Quran without enough knowledge, [Kafi, vol.6, p.256]
116 “Tadlis” means hiding and covering
117 Sharhe Nahj al-Balaghe, vol.3, p.122
118 Alesteghase,p.115; Hedayat al-Kobra, p.40; Dalael al-Nabava,vol.1,p.178; Tabserat al-Avam, p.245;Managhebe Ale Abi Talib, vol1, p.161; Kamel al-Bahaee,vol1, p.349
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B: Who were these fake husbands?
P: The first one was a man named Nabash Bin Zorare Tamimi titled as Abi Hale.
B: And the second one?
P: The fake news says: “Afer the death of Abi Hale, Khadija (A) married Atigh Bin Aied, Abdolah Omar Bin Makhzoom.”
A: Who are the important persons who believe that Khadija (A) was unmarried
P: Although many historians say that she had two marriages before, many Shia and Soni historians say that she was unmarried. Some of them are: Abolyhasem Ismael Bin Mohammad Isfahani (a Soni scholar)119, Abolghasim Koofi, Ahmad Balazori, Seyed Mortaza Alamol Hoda, in the book ”Shafee” and Sheikh Toosi in the book ”Talkhis Shafee.”120
They have some reasons for what they say:
A Hadith by Ibn Abbas that Khadija was 28 at the time of her marriage with the prophet and she was unmarried before.121
The historians’ differences about her first and second husbands’ names. The difference in the names of children, for example they name a daughter “Hend”
from both her husbands.
Khadija 's social and financial position didn’t let her to marry a man who gathers bushes or a man who digs graves as it is said was the jobs of her husbands.122
The historians’ disagreement about the age of her marriage.
A: Is there any Soni historian or scholar who believes that she was unmarried?
P: Yes, Abol Ghasem Ismaeel Bin Mohammad Isfahani as told is a Soni scholar and he specifies that Khadija (A) was a virgin.
119 Dalael al-Nobova, vol.1, p.178
120 To get more information, see Managheb Ael Abi Talib, vol.1, p.159; Behar al Anvar, vol 22, p.152; Aayan al-Shiie,
121 To get more information, see Al Esteghasa, vol.1,p.168; Tabserat al-Avam, p.245; Anvar al Noamaneya, vol.1, p.181; Managheb Ale Abi Talib,vol.1, p.159 122 Of course some say her fake first husband was rich and say: “Kadija’s (A) wealth was her inheritance”; which is a big lie.
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“Khadija was a virgin who had a lot of wealth and credit. She would send her trade caravan to Sham and her caravan was as the whole Ghoraish caravan.
Ahmad Belazari is a Soni who says: “Khadija (A) was a virgin.”
B: The third person who is Shia, what did he say?
P: He is Abol Ghasem Koofi a Shiia scholar who has an interesting reasoning. He writes in his book “Al Esteghasah”
ساداتهم من و قریش اف اس من بق ی لم انه عل االخبار نقلة و االنال اهل من العام و الخاص من ماع ج اال َّ«إن رسول تزوجها ا فلمّ ذلک من عهم ی جم عل عت ن فامت جها ی تزو رام و خدیجة خطب من اّلّ منهم النجدة ذوی و احدا ویحی تی فلم اؤهم ر ام و شی قر اف اس خطبک لها قلن و ها ن هجر و یش قر نساء یه عل غضب (ص) للا تمتنع و یم تم من وجها ی ی جة ی خد کون ت ان الفهم اهل ر نظ فی جوز ی فی فک … ا د محمّ تزوجت و منهم اعرانی ، ال ق الم افظع و المحال ی اب من ّه ان ظر ّالن و ی التّم ذو علم ی ّاّل وصفناه، ما عل افها اس و شی قر سادات من 124 ». ) (ص للا رسول ی غ وج تی لم جه ی خد نا ثبت یل التحص ی ذو د عن هذا وجب ولما
All historians and mohadesan from Shiia and Soni agree that there was noone from noble men and aristocrats in Ghoraish, but wanted to marry Khadija (A). But Khadija (A) rejected all of them. She married Mohammad (S)…. So how is it possible to say that she married a tribesman from Bani Tiamin tribe while she had rejected marriage to nobles of Ghoraish before?
Don't scholars know that this matter is obvious impossible? when it is proved, it will be obvious that she didn't marry anybody other than the prophet (S).
A: Very interesting!
P: Yes, we are sure that her false marriage before the prophet (S) is one of the plots of anti Ahl al Bait people.
They forged all the superiorities of Ahl al Bait for the people who were against Ahl al Bait.
123 Dalael al-Nobova,vol.1, p.178
124 Alesteghase, vol.1, p.70
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B: So what is the story of the prophet's daughters named Zeinab, Ruqayyah and Umma Kolthoom? It is said two of them were Osman's wives. Were they really the prophet’s children?
P. No, they weren't, for these reasons:
As historians say, Khadija had a sister called “Hale”. She married a "Makhzoomi"
man and had a daughter called “Hale” too as her mother. Then she married a man called “Abu Hend” from Tamim tribe. This Tamimi man had another wife who had two daughters called “Ruqayyah” and "Zeinab".
Their mother died. Hale had a son called “Hend” from this husband. This Tamiami man, that is the father of the two girls and Hend, died. Since Hend was a boy and valuable, he was delivered to the husband family. Khadija (A) brought up Hend with her two daughters (Ruqayyah and Zeinab) in her own house.
These two girls were in Khadija’s house after her marriage with the prophet. They were “Rabibah” (adopted daughter) for the prophet. According to Arab Tradition "
Rabibah " was the same as daughter, so they were called Khadija's and Mohammad 's daughters.
A: IF she was 21, she could not have had such marriages?
P. According to the well - known saying, she was Khadija Bint Khowailed Bin Asad Bin Abol oza Bin Ghasi Bin Kalab Bin Mara Bin Kab Bin loe.125
Another saying is. Khadija Bint Fatima Bint Zaede Bin Asam Bin Heram Bin Ravahe Bin Hajr Bin Abd Bin Maees Bin Amer Bin loe.126
B: So, the story about the marriage of the two daughters of the prophet (S) to Osman is not true?
P: Maybe. They married Osman but Osman is not considered the prophet's son in law.
A: How?
125Atabaghat al-Kobra, vol.8, p.111
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P: Hazrat Zahra (A) come to the mosque after usurpation (Ghasb) of Fadak by Abubakr. She had a great speech there which is narrated by many Soni scholars.
Here is a part of that speech:
ّمّ ع 127 » مک جاله ِر دون ِابن ا خ ا و مک سائه نه
“Oh people! recognize that I am Fatima and my father is Mohammad, my speech is completely true and it is not false...If you search (Islam prophet (S)), you'll find that he was my father and not the father of any of other women. He was in brotherhood with my cousin and not with any of the other men.”
She shouldn’t have said such a speech if Osman’s wives were the prophet's daughters. On other hand, Osman could have protested against her speech (that my wives are the prophet 's daughters), but he didn't.
A: It was an interesting, analytic point!
Omar's Son Opinion
P: A historical point narrated in Sahih Bokhari:
Abdolah Bin Umar was asked, “Is Ali (A) higher or Osman?
Ibn Omar answered about Osman, “God has forgiven his sin (his escaping in Ohad war); but you don't like to forgive him, But Ali (A) is the prophet's cousin and his son in law?128
You see the only defense that Abdolah Bin Omar has for Osman is that God has forgiven his running away in Ohod war; but the companions who revolted against him didn’t forgive him and killed him. But he doesn’t mention that Osman was the prophet’s (S) son in law. But he says that Amir al momenin was the prophet's cousin and his son-in-law.
IF Osman was the prophet's son-in-law, Ibn Ammar should have mentioned it. Since he tries very hard to put away every accusation about Osman.
127 Asaghifa va fadak, vol.1,p.140
128 Sahih Bokhari, vol.5, p.157
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Why so many plots?
A: Why did they accuse Khadija (A) so much?
P: As I said before, Umavi and Abbasi historians reversed all of the information about Khadija (A) to make Aishia -the prophet's other wife- outstanding.
A: How?
A Seven-Years-Old child and Marriage?!
P: Some of Omavi and Abasi narrators say, that Aishia was a virgin when she married the prophet (S). One of these narrators is Orva Bin Zobeir129 who is Aishia 's nephew.
But other historical documents show that Aishia had married before her marriage to the prophet (S)130 and she had a son named Abdolah;131 for this reason the innocent Imams call Aishia “Ome Abdolah” to clarify this problem.132
B: Was it so important to be a virgin?
P: Yes, though I don't believe the orientalists; but John Spozito says:” It was very hard for the widows to marry again, because it was very important for Arab's men to have virgin wives. Most of the prophet's marriages were to incline Arab tribes to Islam and to decrease their hatred.
John Dion Port, the christian scientist, writes in his book “Apologizing to Mohammad (S) and Quran": “Is it pssible that a man remains only with a single wife (Khadija) for 25 years in a country that polygamy was a usual custom?”133
Great scholar Seyed Mohammad Hossain TabaTabaee writes: “We cannot consider the prophet's (S) polygamy as a passion and desire for women, because he contented himself with the marriage with Khadije (A) when he was very young (25 years old ).”134
129 Atabaghat al-Kobra, vol.8, p.46
130 The same; Asahih men Serat al-Nabi, vol.12, p.106 131 The same, p.50; The same, p.113 132 Alkhesal, vol.2, p.419 133 Ozre Taghsir Be Pishgah Mohammad Va Quran, p.35 134 Farazhaee Az Islam, p.174